This effect is caused by toxins nicotine and carbon monoxide (CO) in the smokers inhaled the smoke. Both of these toxins can inhibit blood flow to some parts of the body, including the nipple sensitivity is highly dependent on blood flow.
Dr. Anthony Young, a plastic surgeon from Detroit likens nicotine and carbon monoxide as a virtual tourniquet. Just as a tourniquet to stop bleeding normal functioning, both toxins are also pressing the tissue so that blood can not pass.
In patients with breast surgery, the nipple can be attached because the stitches and it took until completely fused as before. Inhibition of blood flow to where it can make the nipple was broken off because the seams do not blend with the nipples while breast tissue.
"I am always horrified to see the breast surgery patients who smoke. What I fear, they smoke before or after surgery and was able to make their nipples darken and loose," said Dr. Young, as quoted from News.com.au, Tuesday (6 / 12 / 2011).
To anticipate the release of the nipple in patients who smoke, Dr. Young has always tried to maintain or increase blood flow in the nipple. The trick is rather disgusting, ie, by attaching a few leeches to suck blood in that part.
The leeches suck the blood will be dirty and toxins in it, so the risk of clogging can be prevented. If it is not clogged, blood flow returns to normal and tagged with nipple color change from black to pink.
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