This change has been known to be caused by stress experienced in utero, for example, nutritional deficiencies.
"The health of a person begins in the womb," said researcher Bas Heijmans, an expert in molecular epidemiology at Leiden University Medical Center in the Netherlands as reported myhealthnewsdaily.com, Tuesday (11/29/2011).
These findings support the idea that conditions early in life, such as maternal habits during pregnancy, influence the risk of babies developing heart disease later in life.
The researchers wanted to find genes that can tell a person's condition early in life, such as exposure to alcohol or smoke cigarettes. These genes can then be used as a marker of disease risk later in life.
The study, published in the International Journal of Epidemiology included 1654 participants aged 70-82 years who had not had a heart attack before the study began.
After three years, as many as 122 people had a heart attack. The researchers then compared the DNA of heart attack victims by 126 study participants who had not had a heart attack at a similar age and characteristics.
The researchers looked for changes that occurred in six genes known to be influenced by the environment of the uterus. During this change, a chemical added to the DNA to see which genes are subject to change.
They found there are two genes associated with increased risk of heart attack. Women who experience a change in one of its genes are 2.8 times more likely to experience heart attacks than women who did not experience changes in den.
While women who experience changes in two genes 8.6 times more likely to experience heart attacks.
Interestingly, the relationship between changes in gene and the risk of heart attack was not found for men. The researchers are not sure why this could occur. It may be that men tend to have heart attacks at an early age of the participants are included in this study.
Because this study includes a small, estimates of increased risk in women should be understood carefully. Larger studies with a wider group coverage is needed to determine a more accurate risk estimates.
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